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ʮ90ӪļֶȻԲ˼ٶ뷽ʽȫ˳ͬʱȻǣΪʮһ͵Ļ"ʷս"ľٵڴ⣬ǰȴδֹۣһͳˣȻˡ1999ó֯WTOͼǰӴ뼤ҵĿ˳һȽҵҵƾȻδѹȸûȷ˽⣬֮ΪϰԿȺ֮뵷ңӶ6±G?teborgԼ7ǣGenoaΪѪҾɧһԻܱƵ׿ȺڵĵطٿˣɡΪԣԲ˵಻ΪĪ̡

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֪ʷϣijּิӳšˣJohn LockeߣJeremy BenthamգJohn Stuart Millνŵ壬ҪԷαϲƲȨ淶Ȩ빦ܣгΪøԤӶһɡɵᡣУƽ۷гֱ֤֮ƵĿ͹빫ԣǴȶǿΪʱijɳ˻ҲΪӢξõķԾչ춨˵ǰ³ѷִֵһܣ漣ΪȻ߶ɴȴҲͬʱƽȣⲻƽȲԭгܸı--ǡ෴ڼȶӹ绯ֻܽڳԭ˶18321922䣬ӢѡΧ˶ʵȫѡ11929꾭ô𺳣𽥽޶ȸҹЩ˵֮Ҫӡ

Ȼ¹ijܣ屾۵Ҳͬʱת䣬еԺı֡ˣۼҹҮˣFriedrich A. von HayekһԡĻ󡷣The Mirage of Social JusticeΪĿ֤"''ȫȻն"2һλͬҲЭ徭ѧҸMilton Friedmanȴòǿϣ޶ḣԣ"--߰Ҳͬҵ磻ƶʩΪﵽһͬĿĸЧ;"3ʵϣ縥ԹģԴ30δǻУѾʮ͵"ɣ༴ٽƽ֮Ч;""ƽΪ֮ǰƷ"4Ҳ˵"ƽ"Ѿλĩˡ"ƽ"""ݻǸģ綨ĸΪߵϼѹĿ꣬ʵȴǿػ֮ȥ޷Ĩɱʼ֮άǿˣ70ŷ޳ǿν"·"ʱĴӪԹҮˡŵˣRobert NozickΪ"ԭּ"壬ԼDaniel Bell˶Charles Frankel׷"ƽ""Ӣ"meritocratic liberalism⣬ֳ޶˹John Rawls͵ֽRonald Dworkin׷"ƽ""ƽ"egalitarian liberalismǺʹɱ"ƽ"radical egalitarianism5 ϵʵ൱ӽˡ

ʮͳʮҶһ֮䣬羭ʱķչȻѸ٣Ȼϻ൱ԣɱ˻мѰȻ˶ʮ8090ڿƼӰ죬ȫ򾭼ʱ˱ըԶ""˲Ϊ󲿷ѧ߶ԱʶĿڴ£ʱӦҲͳΪȫ¿ˡ

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ڶʮĩĶʮ䣬羭ýṹشĿı仯ҵȽң༴νG76ʼȫ򾭼ãǽռȫ˿12%ֵGDPռ66% 7ټҾްͿ˾׼ȷӦóΪ˾multinational corporations--Ǵ¿ԡƸFortune־ÿе"ȫ500"Global 500˾Ϊ׼--־ĵĿЩȽҵľΡ๫˾ľ󲿷֣86%ܲG7ңӪҵﵽGDP54%1˵֣ע˽ұģվʱⲿѧңҲеľѧңھ޴ѧѹΪ߼ʦ߲Ծس䵱˸ԱĽɫǴʱܳ¶٣David C. KortenŵPeter Nolan8ǰһʱԾĶǵġ˾ͳʱ9Ϊ⣬ϸΣȥ귢ġйҵ㡷10һǶȿ͹ۡ侲طйڴΣеĴЧͬҡҪ˽ٵսǵķΪ㡣


ԴFortune, 24 July 2000; The World Economic Factbook 2000/2001 (London: Euromonitor 2000)вֵԹʱ׼ʼ㡣

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ҲӦָϵչǷȷıʽ޿ɱ⣬ԭǣִֻУ˶̫СͨԹͬĿϵķŲܻûռ䣬Ҳͬڴ෨ţҽڶԼˣԸΪ塢Ȼν""СΧڣڴ˷Χڷʱѹ""Ҳɥʧʵ塣Ȼ""ǸĿںţǸʧĹ⻷ԣԤڣҲΪֲͬĿĶʹá

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1 ߵʵ˶͹ŵ֮Ĺϵʮ΢Ǻߵһ֣ͬʱ뼤ɺƶ1832ĸ﷨Ϊ˵"˶"֡
2 Friedrich A. von Hayek, The Mirage of Social Justice, vol. 2 of Law, Legislation and Liberty (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976), xi. 뱾Үض룺ɡɡйٿȫ磬2000
3416 Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1963), 195; 5; 4, 9.
5 Kai Nielsen, Equality and Liberty: A Defense of Radical Egalitarianism (Totowa, N.J.: Rowman & Allanheld, 1985).
6 G7ָձ¹ӢôȫGDPߵĹңֻ˿ڳ߹֮͵йGDPôȰƽ۹֮䣩
7 ȻйͶԣԱ׼ʶƽ۹ֵɺܴƫⲢӰĽۡ
8 ¶ٳСǵı˼ͥҵʷѧԼ̹ѧԺνڹѧ̹ѧԺ꣬ȻڷڸػԼĹʷչפ14֮á"ͼ99"˶IJ߻ߺƶ֮һŵ׶شѧþѧʿΪŴѧJudgeѧԺڣйҵоרҡ
9 David C. Korten, When Corporations Rule the World (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler; Bloomfield, Conn.: Kumarian, 2001).
10 ŵPeter Nolanйҵ㡷ʮһ͡ĴѧйĻо20006ºţҳ5-19йظֵϣ1999Ϊ׼The World Economic Factbook 2000/2001 (London: Euromonitor 2000)
11 "ްԹ˾"ֱΪ"۹Ͳ"William M. Dugger, Corporate Hegemony (New York: Greenwood Press, 1989), 18-21
121314 ͬע9ҳ115130-31113-16157-59
15 ͬע11William M. Dugger
17 ڽʮͳֵĻʼר˾ӡȹ˾Ӣӡȹ˾Ϊ˼Уͨɹ涨Ķˣcorporate identityһֱ׷ݵ͵ĸڽ̡ƶĪмеĹϵErnst H. Kantorowicz, The King's Two Bodies (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1957)
18 Ӱ֮޿ײ룬ע9chap. 10
19 йȫ˾ϲ漰Ľ䱬ըʣƽÿ55%˵Щ˾ڽ̬ͻ䣺1992꣺1,560ڣԪͬ1994꣺5,600ڣ1998꣺25,000ڣ1999꣺34,000ڣԼԴڵձ¹GDP֮䣬ΪйGDPĶңӺʼ㷽Դע10
20 ȻҪ⣨Ҫ̬ĻĶ񻯣صô̶ȣǷӦȫʱ˾ֻҪִ޿ɱġеķǰKorten, When Corporations Rule the World ; Dugger, Corporate Hegemony ; ԼHerman E. Daly and John B. Cobb, For the Common Good (Boston: Beacon Press, 1989); Bruno Amoroso, On Globalization (London: MacMillan, 1998).
21 ݵRoskildeѧJean MonnetĦBruno Amoroso˵Olof Palme1987걻ɱԼŷĵŲ֮𲽷壬żȻע20 Amorosoҳ3-4
22 磬"End-of-Millennium Special Issue", Scientific American (December 1999) ĵۼԤ⡣
23 ¶ٳһΪ"г"صʱܵƣԶռȵλѡƸ඼Ҫܵϸޡע9chaps. 22-23ɲרжȺиϸϵͳ۵˶̶ִ֣رҪijֹ壬ȥųɷֵһڽ̣˵ע20 Daly and Cobb



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