¹« ·¨ ÆÀ ÂÛ |
ΩԸ¹«Æ½Èç´óË®¹ö¹ö£¬Ê¹¹«ÒåÈ罺ÓÌÏÌÏ£¡ |
²½·²
ÊÔÂÛ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Òë±¾µÄÒ컯ÏÖÏóºÍ·ÒëÖеÄÖ³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò
¡¡¡¡ÕªÒª£ºÓÉÓÚʱ´ú¡¢ÎÄ»¯Óï¾³µÄ¾ÖÏ޺ͷÒëÕß×ÔÉíµÄÖÆÔ¼ÒòËØ£¬µ¼ÖÂÁË¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÖÐÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ·Òë¹ý³ÌÖгöÏÖÁËÖ³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò£¬´Ó¶øÊ¹ÆäÖвúÉúÁ˽϶àµÄÒ컯´¦Àí¡£±¾ÎÄÊÔͼÒÔÎı¾Ï¸¶ÁµÄÐÎʽ£¬½áºÏʱ´ú±³¾°ºÍÒëÎĶÔÖйú¶ÁÕßµÄÓ°Ï죬̽ÌÖ¸ÃÏî·Òë²ßÂԵĵÃʧÒÔ¼°¶ÁÕß½ÓÊܵÄÇé¿ö¡£
¡¡¡¡¹Ø¼ü´Ê£º¡¶Ê¥¾¡· Ò컯ÏÖÏó Ö³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò
¡¡¡¡¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¿É˵ÊÇ×Ú½ÌÓëÎÄѧ֮¼¯´ó³ÉÕß¡£Õâ±¾Î÷·½×ڽ̾µä¶Á±¾´«ÈëÖйúÖ®ºó£¬ÔÚÂþ³¤µÄËêÔÂÖУ¬½¥½¥½þÈó×ÅÖйúÎÄ̳ºÍÖйúÎÄ»¯¡£ÖìÎ¬Ö®Ôø¾Ö¸³ö£º¡°ÎÒÒÔΪÃñ¹úÒÔÀ´£¬Öйú»ù¶½½Ì¶ÔÓÚÖйúÎÄѧÉÏ×î´óµÄ¹±Ï×£¬µÚÒ»ÊǺͺÏÒë±¾¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µ×³ö°æ£¬µÚ¶þ±ãÊÇ¡¶ÆÕÌìËÌÔÞ¡·µ×³ö°æ¡£¶þÕßËä²»ÄÜ˵ÊÇʮȫʮÃÀµÄ±¾×Ó£¬µ«ÖÁÉÙ¿ÉÒÔ˵ÒѾ´ò¶¨ÁË»ù¶½½ÌÎÄѧµ×¸ù»ù£¬¶øÇÒ×÷ΪÖйúÐÂÎÄѧµ×ÏÈÇý£¬ÕâÊÇÖµµÃ´óÊéÌØÊéµÄ¡£¡±µ«ÓëÖ®Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄÊÇ£¬»ù¶½½ÌµÄ´«²¥ÓëÆÕ¼°È´²¢²»ÏÔÖø¡£ËäÈ»´ËÒ»½á¾ÖÓÐã£ÒÔÂíÊ¿Âü¡¢ÂíÀñѷΪ´ú±íµÄ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·³õÒëÕßÃǵijõÖÔ£¬µ«ÊǽáºÏ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄ·Òë²ßÂÔ£¬ÎÒÃǾͲ»ÄÑ·¢ÏÖ£¬ÓÉÓÚÔÚ·ÒëʱDZ²ØµÄÖ³Ãñ»¯Òâʶ£¬Ê¹µÃ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄ·ÒëÖÐÓйý¶àµÄÒ컯´¦Àí£¬´Ó¶øÊ¹Òë±¾µÄ½ÓÊ̶ܳȲ¢²»ÊǺܸߣ¬¶ÁÕߵĽÓÊÜ·¶Î§²»ÊǺܹ㷺£¬µ¼ÖÂÁËijÖ̶ֳÈÉ϶Á±¾µÄÄÑÒÔÆÕ¼°¡£ÏÂÃæ±ÊÕßÊÔͼ½áºÏ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÎı¾£¬Í¬Ê±×ÛºÏÖ÷ÒªµÄÉç»áÎÄ»¯·½ÃæµÄÓ°ÏìÒòËØ£¬ÒÔϸ¶ÁµÄ·½Ê½À´·ÖÎöÆäÖеijÉÒò£¬Ì½Ìָ÷Òë²ßÂԵĵÃʧ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÆÀµã¸÷ÖÖÏà¶ÔÓ¦µÄ¶Ô·ÒëÒë±¾¼ÓÒÔÔٴβûÊ͵ĴëÊ©¡£ ¡¡¡¡¾Í»ý¼«·½Ãæ¶øÂÛ£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÖÐÎÄÒë±¾»¹ÊÇÓй¦ÓÚÖйúÎÄ̳µÄ£¬ËüΪÖйú×÷¼ÒµÄ´´×÷ÌṩÁ˷ḻµÄ¹ÊÊÂËØ²ÄºÍ±ð¿ªÉúÃæµÄÓïÑÔ¡£Ï£À°ÂÞÂíÉñ»°ºÍ»ù¶½½ÌÎÄѧÊÇÎ÷·½ÎÄѧµÄÁ½´óÖ§Öù£¬×÷ΪÆäÖдú±íÖ®Ò»£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÓÈÒÔÆäÎÄѧ¸ÐȾÐÔ(ÌØ±ðÊÇ»°ÓïµÄ÷ÈÁ¦)¶øÖø³Æ£¬ÕýÈçÎı¾ÖÐËù³Æ£º¡°¡°ÄãµÄ»°ÊÇÎÒ½ÅǰµÄµÆ£¬ÊÇÎÒ·ÉϵĹ⡣¡±£¨¡¶Ê«Æª¡·£©ººÒë¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÒÔÆä¶ÀÌØµÄÓïÑÔ±íÏÖÐÎʽºÍÒìÓò·çÇ飬ÉîÉî´¥¶¯ÁËÖйúÏÖµ±´úÎÄ̳µÄÒ»Åú×÷¼Ò£¬ÔÚËûÃǵÄÖø×÷ÖÐÁôÏÂÁ˲»¿ÉÄ¥ÃðµÄÓ¡¼Ç¡£ÎåËÄÒÔÀ´µÄ×÷¼Ò£¬Èç³Ѹ¡¢ÖÜ×÷ÈË¡¢±ùÐÄ¡¢°Í½ðµÈÈË£¬ÔÚËûÃǵÄ×÷Æ·Öж¼Á÷¶³ö²©°®Æ½µÈµÄ»ù¶½½Ì¼ÃÊÀ˼Ï룬²¢ÇÒÑ¡Óá¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÈËÎïÐÎÏó×÷ΪÔÐÍ»òÊÇ½è¼øÆäÖÐÓïÑÔµÄÕ½ڣ¬Èç³ѸµÄ¡¶¸´³ð£¨Æä¶þ£©¡·ÒÔ¼°±ùÐĵġ¶¼ÄС¶ÁÕß¡·¡£¹¹³ÉÖйúÏÖ´úʫ̳Èý´óÖ÷Òª´´×÷³±Á÷µÄÏÖ´úÖ÷Òå¡¢ÏÖʵÖ÷ÒåºÍÀËÂþÖ÷Ò壬ÕâЩÁ÷ÅɵĴú±íÈËÎÈç·ëÖÁ¡¢¹ùÄÈôÒÔ¼°°¬ÇàµÈÈ˵ÄÊ«×÷ÖУ¬¶¼Óлù¶½½ÌµÄÓ°×Ó¡£ÔÚÏÖ´úÏ·¾ç´´×÷ÉÏ£¬²ÜخΪËûµÄ±¯¾ç¡¶À×Óê¡·Ö÷È˹«ËùÑ¡ÔñµÄ×îºó¹éËÞ¾ÍÊÇÌìÖ÷½ÌÌᣵ±´úÎÄ̳ÉÏ£¬ÖîÈç¼Öƽ°¼µÄ¡¶·Ï¶¼¡·£¬ÕÅ¿¹¿¹µÄ¡¶Çé°®»ÀÈ¡·£¬¶¼Í¸³öÁË¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Ê½µÄ¡¢Ä©ÊÀâã»Ú°ãµÄ±¯Á¹µÄÇé¸ÐºÍËàĵķÕΧ¡£¿ÉÒÔ˵£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¶ÔÖйúÎÄ̳µÄÓ°ÏìÊÇÈ«·½Î»µÄ£¬×îÖ÷ÒªµÄ¾ÍÊÇÐðÊÂÓïÑԵļò½àÄýÁ·£¬¹ÊÊÂÇé½ÚµÄתÊö¸ÄÔìºÍ×ڽ̾«ÉñµÄÉîÉîÉøÍ¸£¬ËüËù±íÏÖ³öµÄеÄ˼ÏëºÍеÄÓïÑÔÌØÉ«£¬¶¼ÊǹúÈËÎÅËùδÎŵģ¬Ò²ÊÇËüÒýÈËÈëʤ֮´¦¡£µ«ÊÇͬʱӦµ±×¢Òâµ½£¬ËäÈ»¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÒ컯ÏÖÏóÓ®µÃÁËÎÄѧ¼ÒÃǵÄÇàíù£¬ËûÃǵÄ×÷Æ·ÖеÄÓïÑÔÄËÖÁÐðÊ·½Ê½£¬¶¼´Ó¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÓÐËù½è¾µ£»µ«ÊÇÀú¾Á˾ÃÔ¶µÄÄê´úÖ®ºó£¨Èç¹û°ÑÌÆ´ú¾°½Ì¿´×÷ÊÇ»ù¶½½ÌµÄ³õ´«£©£¬¾¡¹ÜÓÐÎÞÊýò¯³ÏµÄ´«½ÌʿΪ֮×Î×β»¾ëµÄŬÁ¦£¬ÓÉÓÚ¿çÎÄ»¯·ÒëÒòËØµÄÖÆÔ¼£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÒòΪ·ÒëÕßÄÚÐÄDZÔÚµÄÖ³Ãñ»¯Òâʶ²Ù¿ØÁË·ÒëÎı¾µÄ´¦Àí¹ý³Ì£¬µ¼ÖÂÁ˸ÃÎı¾µÄÆÕ¼°³Ì¶È²¢Ã»Óдﵽ´«²¥ÕßÔ¤ÏëµÄ½á¹û¡£ ¡¡¡¡Ê×Ïȶԡ¶Ê¥¾¡·Îı¾½øÐп¼²ì£¬·¢ÏÖÆäÖеÄÒ컯´¦Àí¡£ÕâÀïµÄÔÎı¾Ñ¡ÓõIJ¢²»ÊÇ×î³õµÄÏ£²®À´ÎÄÒë±¾,¶øÊÇͨÐеÄÓ¢Òë±¾ÖÐ×î¹ãΪÈËÖªµÄÏÖ´úÒë±¾¡ª¡ªNew Revised Standard Version (NRSV)¡£NRSV²»½ö²ÉÓÃ×ÖÒåÖ±ÒëµÄ·½·¨£¬Ò²ÈÝÐíʹÓÃһЩÈÕ³£¹ßÓõÄÓ¢ÓïÀ´·Òë¡£Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄÖÐÎÄÒë±¾ÊÇ¡¶¼ò»¯×ÖÏÖ´ú±êµãºÍºÏ±¾Ê¥¾¡·£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ1919Ä궨¸åµÄ¹Ù»°ºÍºÏ±¾£¬Ö÷ÒªÓÉÔÚ»ª»ù¶½½Ì´«½ÌÊ¿¶¨¸å£¬Ò²ÊÇÏÖÔÚÖйú¹úÄÚΨһͨÐеÄȨÍþ°æ±¾£¬²»¹ý½øÐÐÁË·±Ìå×Ö¼ò»¯µÄ´¦Àí¡£´Ó´«ÈëÖйúÖ®³õ£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÏȺóÀú¾ÂíÊ¿Âü¡¢ÂíÀñÑ·µÄ¶þÂíÒë±¾£¨ÍêÕû°æ£©£¬»¹ÓÐÎÀÈýη¡¢¶¡è¸Á¼µÈÈ˵ĽÚÒë±¾£¬µ½×îºóÒ»´Î1890ÄêµÄÐÞ¶©±¾£¬²Å×÷³ö×îºóµÄͳһ¡£1891Äê¹²³ÉÁ¢Èý¸ö¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖØÒëίԱ»á£¬·Ö±ð¸ºÔðÈýÖÖ²»Í¬ÎÄÌåµÄ°æ±¾£ºÎÄÀí¡¢Ç³ÎÄÀí£¬ÒÔ¼°¹úÓ»ò¹Ù»°£©¡£È«²¿·ÒëÀúʱ27Ä꣬ÆäÖÐ×îÊÜ»¶ÓµÄ¡°¹úÓïºÍºÏÒë±¾¡±³ÉΪ½ñÈÕ¾ø´ó¶àÊý½Ì»á²ÉÓõıê×¼Òë±¾¡£
¡¡¡¡·ÖÎö¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄƪÕ½ṹ£¬ÏÈÀ´¿´ËüµÄ»ù±¾µ¥Î»ÓкÎÌØÉ«£¬Ò²¾ÍÊǶԴÊÓïµÄÒ컯´¦Àí¡£ÕâÀï±ÊÕß°Ñ´ÊÓïÉϵġ°Ò컯¡±¶¨ÒåΪ²»Í¬ÓÚÏÖ´úººÓï³£Óõıí´ï·½Ê½ºÍÒâÒå¡£Ò»·½Ã棬Ò컯µÄÓïÑÔÓèÈËÐÂÏʸУ¬ÓÐÖúÓÚ¶Ô³¤ÆÚÊÜÈå¼ÒÎÄ»¯Ñ¬ÌÕµÄÖйúÃñÖÚ²úÉúÎüÒýÁ¦¡£ÖÜ×÷È˺óÀ´Ò²»ØÒä˵£º¡°ÎҼǵôÓǰÓÐÈË·´¶ÔÐÂÎÄ£¬ËµÕâЩÎÄÕ²¢²»ÄÜËãУ¬ÒòΪ¶¼ÊÇ´Ó¡¶ÂíÌ«¸£Òô¡·³öÀ´µÄ£»µ±Ê±¾õµÃËûµÄ»°ºÜÊÇ¿ÉЦ£¬ÏÖÔÚÏëÆðÀ´·´ÒªÅå·þËûµÄÏȾõ£»¡¶ÂíÌ«¸£Òô¡·µÄÈ·ÊÇÖйú×îÔçµÄÅ·»¯µÄÎÄѧµÄ¹úÓÎÒÓÖÔ¤¼ÆËûÓëÖйúÐÂÎÄѧµÄǰ;Óм«ÉîµÄ¹ØÏµ¡£¡±ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬ÕâЩ´ÊÓïµÄÒ컯´¦ÀíÔö¼ÓÁ˽ÓÊÜÕßÓëÎı¾µÄ¾àÀ룬ƽÃñ´óÖÚÒ»¿ªÊ¼²¢²»Àí½âÕâЩ´ÊµÄÓïÒå·¢ÉúÁ˱仯£¬·´¶øÊ¹Îı¾µÄ´«²¥Êܵ½ÁËÒ»¶¨µÄÏÞÖÆ¡£ ¡¡¡¡ÎÞÂÛÊǽÌÌÃÖÐµÄÆôÓ¦¾ÎÄ»¹ÊÇÔÞÃÀÊ«¸è£¬¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹²Í¬µÄÌØµã£¬¾ÍÊÇijЩ´ÊÓïÓÐÌØ¶¨µÄº¬ÒåºÍÓ÷¨£¬¸ù¾Ý¡¶Ê¥¾Ê«¸è¡·Ò»Ê鸽¼µÄͳ¼Æ£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖгöÏÖÁËÈçÏÂÓëÆ½³£Ó÷¨²»Í¬µÄ´ÊÓ±ÈÈç¡°Ê©Éá¡¢±£ÊØ¡¢µÀ¡¢°®¡¢¶÷Çé¡¢ÈË×Ó¡±µÈµÈ£¬Êý²»Ê¤Êý¡£»òÕß˵£¬ÕâЩ´ÊÓïÔÚ×ڽ̷ÕΧϵÄʹÓ㬾߱¸ÁËijЩÉñÃØºÍׯÑϵÄÌØÉ«£¬±ÈÈç¡°keep¡±Ò»´Ê£¬ÔÚ¡¶Ê¥¾¡· ÖгöÏÖʱ£¬×ÜÊÇÒë×÷¡°±£ÊØ¡±£¬¸ù¾Ý¡¶ÏÖ´úººÓï´Êµä¡·µÚÎå°æ£¬¡°±£ÊØ¡±µÄ¶¨ÒåΪ£º¡°1¡¢¶¯´Ê£¬±£³Öʹ²»Ê§È¥ÀýÈ磺±£ÊØÃØÃÜ2¡£ÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬±£³ÖÔ×´£¬²»Çó¸Ä½ø£¬¸ú²»ÉÏÐÎÊÆµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬£¨¶àָ˼Ï룩Àý£¬Ë¼Ïë±£ÊØ£»¼Æ»®¶©µÄ±£ÊØ¡£¡±µ«ÊÇ¿´¿´Õâ¸ö´ÊÓÃÔÚÉÏÏÂÎÄÖеÄÒâ棬ÊÇ¡°ÁôÓУ¬³ÖÓУ¬±£³Ö¡¡¡±µÄÒâ˼£¬ÀýÈç¡¶´«µÀÊé¡·Ò»½ÚÖеÄa time to keep, and a time to throw away ¡°±£ÊØÓÐʱ£¬ÉáÆúÓÐʱ¡±¡£Õâ¾Í²úÉúÁ˺ܶàÀí½âÉϵÄÎÊÌ⣬ÓÉÓÚ¹Ù»°±¾¼á³Ö×Ô¼ºÕýͳµÄ¹ÛÄ¾Í²»ÄÜ·ÅÆúÔÓеÄÒë·¨£¬Ö»ºÃÑ¡ÔñÁËÈÃÈ˶ÁÆðÀ´¸Ð¾õ°ëͨ²»Í¨µÄÎÄ×Ö¡£±¾À´Öйú·½Ô²ÁÉÀ«£¬¶ÔÓïÑԵĽâÊ;ÍÓÐÆ«²î£¬¶øºÍºÏ±¾µÄ´Ê·¨ÓÖÎ¥±³³£Àí£¬´«²¥ÖÐÖ»ºÃ²ÉÈ¡Á˶àÖÖ·½ÑÔµÄÒë±¾À´½øÐÐÃÖ²¹£¬±ÈÈçÉϺ£¡¢ËÕÖÝ¡¢ÏÃÃÅ¡¢ÎÂÖÝ¡¢¹ãÖݵȵصÄÓïÖÖ£¬Á¦Çó½âÊ͵ÄÃ÷°×¡£
¡¡¡¡´ÊÓïÔËÓÃÉÏÁíÍâÒ»¸öÍ»³öµÄÌØÉ«¾ÍÊǰý±á·ÖÃ÷£¬ÔÚ´ó´óССµÄÔÞÃÀƪÕÂÖУ¬ÔÒë±¾ÓÃÁË¡°upright /rightrousness /gracioius /mercifull /faithfulness¡± µÈÒ»Àà±íʾÔÞÑïÐÔÖʵÄÐÎÈÝ´Ê£¬Òë±¾Ò²ÈçʵÒë³ö¡£ÓеĴÊÔÚÔÎı¾Öв¢²»¾ßÓÐÌØ¶¨µÄ°ýÒå»òÊDZáÒ壬Ȼ¶øÔÚÒë³ÉººÓïÒ뱾ʱ£¬¿ÌÒâ¼ÓÖØÁË´ÊÓïµÄ¸ÐÇéÉ«²Ê£¬±ÈÈç°Ñ¡°fear¡±Òë×÷¡°¾´Î·¡±£¬¡°practice¡±Òë×÷¡°×ñÐС±£¬¡°secure¡±Òë×÷¡°Òп¿¡±£¬ÕâЩ»°ÊǶÔÐÅͽ£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ¡°ÉñËù¼ðÑ¡µÄÈË¡±Ëù˵µÄ¡£¶ÔÓÚÒ켺ÅúÆÀÆðÀ´¿ÉÊǺÁ²»ÁôÇ飬ËûÃÇÈ«¶¼ÊÇ¡°¹îÕ©¡¢¼éÕ©¡¢¼é¶ñ¡±Ö®ÈË£¬½«Òª±»¡°ÄÕºÞ¡¢Ïú»¯¡¢Ãð¾ø¡±£¬ÔÎĺÍÒëÎÄ´¦Àí´ËÀà´ÊÓïʱÖð×Ö¶ÔÒë³Ì¶ÈÊÇ×î¸ßµÄ¡£²»½ö¿ÚÖï±Ê·¥£¬»¹ÒªÇî±ø÷òÎ䵨ÉùÌÖ£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖмÇÔØÁËÒÔÉ«ÁÐÊý°Ù´ÎµÄÓñø£¬¶¼ÊÇ´ò×ÅÌÖ·¥¡°²»ÐÅÉñ¡±µÄÈ˵ÄÃûºÅ¡£ÖÁÓÚÂÞÖ¯×ïÃûµÄÀíÓÉ£¬×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÒ»µã£¬¾ÍÊÇ¡°Òì¶Ë¡±£¬·ÒëÕßÃÇÕýÊÇÒÀ¾ÝÕâÒ»µã£¬°Ñ¡°nation¡±Òë×÷¡°Íâ°îÈË¡±£¬°ÑÆäËûµÄżÏñ³ç°ÝÊÓΪºéË®ÃÍÊÞ£¬·¢³öÁË×îÇ¿ÁÒµÄ×çÖ䣺¡°ÔìËûµÄÒªºÍËûÒ»Ñù£¬·²¿¿ËûµÄÒ²ÒªÈç´Ë¡£¡±»¶ÀÖ¡¢Ï²ÔᢷßÅ¡¢±¯ÉË¡¢Ô÷ºÞ¡¡ÕâЩ¸ÐÇéÈç´ËÇ¿ÁҵرíÏÖÔÚÒëÎÄÎı¾ÖУ¬Õâ¾ÍÊǰÑ×ڽ̸ÐÇéÒ컯¼«¶Ë»¯´¦ÀíÖ®ºóµÄÎı¾ÐÎ̬¡£Ô½ÊÇÉîºñµÄ¸ÐÇ飬ԽÊÇÄÜÒýÆð¶ÁÕߵĹ²Ãù¡£ÒòΪËüÃÇ´¥·¢ÁËÈËÃÇ×î»ù±¾µÄÔʼÌåÑé¡£ÕýÈçÖÜ×÷ÈËËù˵£º¡°ÒÕÊõ¼ÒµÄÄ¿µÄ£¬Êǽ«Ëû¼ûÁË×ÔÈ»»òÈËÉúµÄʱºòËù¾ÑéµÄ¸ÐÇ飬´«¸ø±ðÈË£¬ÒòΪ´«È¾µÄÁ¦Á¿µÄ±¡ºñºÏÕâ¸ÐÇéµÄºÃ»µ£¬¿ÉÒÔÅжÏÕâÒÕÊõµÄ¸ßÏ¡£ÈËÀàËùÓÐ×î¸ßµÄ¸ÐÇé±ãÊÇ×ڽ̵ĸÐÇ飻ËùÒÔÒÕÊõ±ØÐëÊÇ×ڽ̣¬²ÅÊÇ×î¸ßÉϵÄÒÕÊõ¡£¡±1Ê¥¾ÖÐÇ¿ÁÒµÄ×ڽ̵ÄÅÅËûÐÔ£¬Í¨¹ý¶Ô´ÊÓï·Òëʱ¸ÐÇéÉ«²ÊµÄÇ¿»¯´¦Àí±íÏÖÁ˳öÀ´¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÙÀ´¿´ÓÉ´ÊËØËù×é³ÉµÄ¾ä×ӽṹµÄ´¦Àí¡£ÔÚ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·È«ÊéÖУ¬ÍùÍùºÜ¶àÓÃÒ»°ãµÄ³ÂÊö¾ä¾ÍÄܱí´ïÇå³þµÄµØ·½£¬·ÒëÕßÈ´Æ«ºÃ²ÉÓÃʹ¶¯¾ä¡£´Ó¿ªÆªµÄ¡¶´´ÊÀ¼Í¡·µ½¡¶Æôʾ¼¡·£¬»ù±¾Ã¿Ò»ÆªÖж¼»á³öÏÖʹ¶¯Óï̬£¬°´ÕÕººÓï½á¹¹À´½²£¬Í¨³£ÔڹźºÓï¾äʽÖУ¬ÓÐʱ»á²ÉÓÃʹ¶¯Óï̬£¬±ÈÈ硰κÍõ¿Ö£¬Ê¹ÈËÖ¹½ú±É£¬Áô¾ü±Úà’£¬ÃûΪ¾ÈÕÔ£¬Êµ³ÖÁ½¶ËÒÔ¹ÛÍû¡£¡±£¨¡¶Ê·¼Ç?κ¹«×ÓÁд«¡·£© ¡°¹«Ê¹ÈËÇóµÃÖ®£¬½ðë¹ÈçÖ®¡±¡££¨¡¶¿××Ó¼ÒÓï?¾íÆß¡·£©ÄÇôÔÙ¶ÔÕÕ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖгöÏÖʹ¶¯¾äµÄÇé¾°À´·ÖÎöһϣ¬ÕâÀï¾Ù¡¶´«µÀÊé¡·Ò»ÕÂΪÀý:
¡¡¡¡£¨1£©But to the sinner he gives the work of gathering and heaping, only to give to one who pleases God. ΨÓÐ×ïÈË£¬ÉñʹËûÀͿ࣬½ÐËû½«ËùÊվ۵ġ¢Ëù¶Ñ»ýµÄ¹é¸øÉñËùϲÔõÄÈË¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨2£©And God seeks out what has gone by. ²¢ÇÒÉñʹÒѹýµÄÊÂÖØÐÂÔÙÀ´¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨3£©Likewise all to whom God gives wealth and possessions and whom he enables to enjoy them, and to accept their lot¡ Éñ´ÍÈË×ʲƷḻ£¬Ê¹ËûÄÜÒÔ³ÔÓã¬ÄÜÈ¡×Ô¼ºµÄ·Ý¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨4£©God keeps them occupied with the joy of their hearts. ÉñÓ¦ËûµÄÐÄʹËûϲÀÖ¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨5£©Consider the work of God; who can make straight what he has made crooked? ÄãÒª²é¿´ÉñµÄ×÷Ϊ¡£ÒòÉñʹΪÇúµÄ¡£ËÄܱäÎªÖ±ÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡£¨6£©While one person exercises authority over another to the other¡¯s hurt. ÓÐʱÕâÈ˹ÜϽÄÇÈË£¬ÁîÈËÊܺ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨7£©Let your heart cheer you in the days of your youth. Follow the inclination of your heart and the desire of your eyes, ¡ ÔÚÓ×ÄêµÄÈÕ×Ó£¬Ê¹ÄãµÄÐÄ»¶³©£¬ÐÐÄãÐÄËùÔ¸Ðеģ¬¿´ÄãÑÛËù°®¿´µÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÎı¾µÄ¾äʽ½á¹¹Ò»°ã¶¼ÊǶ¯±ö´îÅ䣬Ïñ¡°let£¯make£¯keep¡±Ò»Àà´øÓÐʹ¶¯ÒâζµÄ¶¯´Ê²¢²»¶à¼û¡£ÖÐÎIJÉÓÃÕâÖÖ¹ØÏµ£¬ÆäʵÊÇΪÁËÍ»³ö·´Ó³¶¯×÷Ë«·½µÄµØÎ»¹ØÏµ¡£²ÎÕչźºÓïÒ²ÄÜ¿´³ö£¬Í¨³£¶¯×÷µÄ·¢³öÕß¶¼ÊÇÉç»áµØÎ»½Ï¸ß¡¢±È½ÏÓÐȨÍþµÄÒ»·½£¬ÔÚ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖеÄȨÍþÐÔ¾ÍÄýËõ³ÉÁËÉñÐÔ¡£»ùÓÚÊ¥¾¼á³ÖÈ˵ÄÉúÃü²¢·Ç×Ô¼ºËùÔìÕâÒ»µã£¬²»ÄÑ¿´³ö£¬Ê¹¶¯¾äµÄ´óÁ¿Ê¹Óû¹ÊÇΪÁËÇ¿µ÷È˵ÄÉúÃü²»ÄÜÍêÈ«ÓÉ×Ô¼ºÖ÷Ô×£¬¶øÊÇȫƾÉñµÄ´ÍÓèºÍϲ¶ñ¡£¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÒë±¾µÄÈ·´ïµ½ÁËÕðÉåµÄЧ¹û£¬ÉÏÊö¾ä×ÓʹÈ˸оõÈ˵ÄËùÓлºÍ¼Æ»®£¬¶¼Êǰ´ÕÕÉñµÄÄ¿±êºÍÖ¼ÒâÀ´Ö´ÐУ¬²»ÄÜÓÐË¿ºÁÇáÂýÖ®ÐÄ¡£²»¹ýÏà¶ÔµØÒ²À¿ªÁËÎı¾Óë¶ÁÕߵľàÀ룬¶ÁÕßÔÚÐÄÀí½ÓÊÜÉϾÍÓÐÒ»ÖÖDZÔڵķ´¿¹Òâʶ¡£¶ÔÓÚÀ½ü¶ÁÕßÓëÎı¾µÄ¾àÀë×öµÃ±È½Ï³É¹¦µÄʵ¼ù£¬µ±ÍÆÌ«Æ½Ìì¹úʱÆÚºéÐãÈ«Ëù×÷µÄ¸èÒ¥£¬°ÑÉϵۺôΪ¡°Ò¯µù¡±£¬¡°»ù¶½ôßëÞÒ¯Ç×Éú£¬ÒòÔÚ¸¸»³¹Ê¼ûÉÏ¡±£¬¡°Ç°ëÞÇ×¼ûүʥÑÕ£¬¸¸×ÓÐÖµÜÎÞ㮻С±¡£ÒÔ³¤±²½Ìµ¼Íí±²µÄ¿ÚÎÇÀ´½âÊÍ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÒåÀí£¬ÕâÓ¦¸ÃËãÊÇ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Îı¾Öйú±¾ÍÁ»¯Ò»¸ö±È½Ï³É¹¦µÄ¸ÄÒë±¾¡£²»¹ýÕâÖÖÊÀË×»¯µÄ²ûÊÍ£¬ÓÖΪÒÔ´«½ÌʿΪ´ú±íµÄÕý¹æÒëÕßËù²»ÈÝ£¬ÍùÍù¼ÓÒÔÑÏÀ÷µÄ³âÔð£¬ÈÏΪºéµÄ½âÊÍÍáÇúÁË»ù¶½½ÌÖлù±¾µÄÉñÓëÈ˵ĹØÏµ¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖеÄÒâÏóÍùÍùÇåÎúöÁÓÀ£¬·¢ÈËÉîÊ¡£¬ÖîÈç°Í±ðËþ¡¢Ìæ×ïÑò¡¢Ç½ÉϵÄ×Ö¼£¡¢ÔÆÖùºÍ»ðÖùÖ®ÀàµÄµä¹ÊÒµÒѳÉΪÖÐÎ÷ÎÄ»¯½»Á÷µÄ³É¹¦µä·¶¡£µ«ÊÇÒªÇëÖî¾ý×¢ÒâÒ»µã£¬ÕâЩµä¹ÊÊÇÈçºÎÃ÷Îú»¯£¬²¢ÔÚ¶ÁÕßÍ·ÄÔÖÐÁôÏÂÉî¿ÌÓ¡ÏóµÄÄØ£¿ÄǾÍÊÇËüÃǶ¼ÓÐ×ÅÍêÕûµÄÉÏÏÂÎĵÄ˵Ã÷£¬Ïñ°Í±ðËþ³ö×Ô¡¶´´ÊÀ¼Í¡·£¬ÔÆÖùºÍ»ðÖù³ö×Ô¡¶³ö°£¼°¼Ç¡·£¬ÕâЩÒâÏóµÄǰÒòºó¹û¶¼±»ÍêÕûµÄ²ûÊö¹ýÁË£¬ËüÃdzöÏÖµÄÐÎʽ¶¼ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸öÓ¢ÐÛÔÞ¸è»òÊÇÁ÷³©¹ÊÊ£¬ËùÒÔÁô´æÔÚÈËÃÇÄÔº£ÖеÄÓ¡ÏóÊ®·ÖÏÊÃ÷¡£µ«ÊÇÏÂÃæ¼¸ÀýÈÃÖйú¶ÁÕß³õ¶Á֮ϣ¬³£³£ÄÑÒÔÀí½â£º
¡¡¡¡£¨1£©Their righteousness endures forever; their horn is exalted in honor. ËûµÄÈÊÒå´æµ½ÓÀÔ¶¡£ËûµÄ½Ç±Ø±»¸ß¾Ù£¬´óÓÐÈÙÒ«¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨2£©But the day of the Lord will come like a thief, and then the heavens will pass away with fire, and the earth and everything that is done on it will be disclosed. µ«Ö÷µÄÈÕ×ÓÒªÏñÔôÀ´µ½Ò»Ñù£¬ÄÇÈÕ£¬Ìì±Ø´óÓÐÏìÉù·ÏÈ¥£¬ÓÐÐÎÖʵĶ¼Òª±»ÁÒ»ðÏú»¯¡£
¡¡¡¡Àý£¨1£©½²µÄÊÇÒåÈ˾´Î·ÉñµÄÃû£¬Òò´ËҲΪÉñËù¸ß¾Ù¡£µ«ÊÇ¡°¾Ù½Ç¡±ÕâÒ»¶¯×÷£¬ÊÇÏ£²®À´Ãñ×åÌØÓеķçË×£¬ÔÚÖйúÈË¿´À´£¬ºÅ½Ç¸ß¾ÙÒâζ×ÅÈÙÒ«£¬ÕâÆð³õÊÇÄÑÒÔÁªÏëµ½µÄ¡£ÔÙ¿´Àý£¨2£©£¬¸ù¾ÝÖйú»ù¶½½ÌÁ½»áÓ¡·¢µÄ¡¶Ê¥¾Æôµ¼±¾¡·µÄ½âÊÍ£¬´Ë¾äÊÇÐÎÈÝÖ÷À´ÁÙʱºÜͻȻ£¬¡°ÒªÏñÔôÀ´µ½Ò»Ñù¡±²»ÄÜÔ¤ÁÏ¡£¿ÉÊÇÔô³öû½èºÚ°µÑÚ»¤£¬Í¨³£Îª³£ÈËËù±ÉÊÓ£¬ÔÚÖйúÈËÆ½ËصÄÀíÄîÖУ¬ÉñÓ¦ÊǹâÃ÷µÄÏóÕ÷£¬¸£ÒôµÄ¹âÕÕ¼«Éٺͱ³ÃæµÄÒõÓ°ÁªÏµÆðÀ´¡£Ãñ×åÎÄ»¯²îÒìºÍÈÏÖªµÄ²î±ð£¬Ò²Ê¹µÃÔÚ¶ÔÎı¾ÒâÏóµÄÀí½âÉϲúÉúÁËÆ«²î£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂÁËÒ컯ÏÖÏóµÄ²úÉú¡£
¡¡¡¡Îı¾µÄµ®ÉúºÍÉç»á±³¾°¡¢ÒëÕßÐÄÀíÒÔ¼°ÎÄ»¯Óï¾³µÈÒòËØÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø¡£×ݹÛÇåÄ©µ½Ãñ¹ú³õÄêµÄÎ÷·½ÎÄѧ·Ò룬Ö÷ÒªµÄÌØÉ«¾ÍÊÇÒìÓò·çÇéµÄ´«´ï£¬ÔÚ·ÒëÖУ¬¾¡Á¿´«´ïÔÎı¾Ãñ×åÐÎÏóºÍÎÄ»¯ÌØÉ«ÊÇ·ûºÏÖÒʵÔÔòµÄ¡£ÔÚÏñ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÕâÑùµÄ×Ú½ÌÎÄѧ´«Èë֮ʱ£¬ÓÉÓÚÎı¾±¾Éí´øÓжÔÀúÊ·µÄ»ØËݺͶÔÎ÷·½ÎÄ»¯Ë¼ÏëµÄ·´Ó³£¬Ò컯´¦ÀíÔÚËùÄÑÃ⣬ÒòΪÊ×ÏÈ¡°ÒëÕßÐë×ÅÑÛÓÚÔÎĵÄÒâÒåºÍ¾«Éñ¡±£¨ÄδïÓ¡£´óÁ¿Ò컯ÏÖÏóµÄ³öÏÖ£¬ÆäʵÎ޿ɺñ·Ç¡£µ«ÊǼÙÈçÉîÈë̽Ìֵϰ£¬È´²»ÄÑ·¢ÏÖ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÔÚ·Òë³ÉÖÐÎİæµÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Êµ¼ÊÉøÍ¸ÁËō֨µÄÖ³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò£¬ËùÒԲŵ¼ÖÂÁËÕû¸öÎı¾µÄÒ컯Ç÷ÊÆ¡£´«Í³µÄ·ÒëÀíÂÛÍùÍùÈÏΪ£¬·ÒëÊÇÔÚÁ½ÖÖÆ½µÈµÄÎÄ»¯Ö®¼äͨ¹ý×ÔÓɽ»Á÷ÐÅÏ¢µÄ·½Ê½½øÐе쬵«ÊÇÔÚÖ³Ãñ»¯µÄÓï¾³ÖУ¬·ÒëÊÇÔÚ±»Ñ¹ÆÈÃñ×åºÍµÛ¹úÖ÷ÒåÕâÁ½¸ö²»Æ½µÈµÄʵÌå¼ä½øÐеġ£Ç¿ÊƵÄÒ»·½ÍùÍù°Ñ×Ô¼ºµÄÒâԸǿ¼ÓÔÚÁíÒ»·½ÉíÉÏ£¬¶ø·ÒëÎı¾µÄÊä³ö¹ý³Ì£¬³£³£´øÓÐÖ³Ãñ»¯µÄÉ«²Ê£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¾ÍÊǺܺõÄÀýÖ¤¡£ ¡¡¡¡¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÖ³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò£¬ÊÇʱ´úÀÓÓ¡µÄ±ØÈ»²úÎï¡£ÔÚÖйúÀúÊ·ÉÏ£¬»ù¶½½Ì´«½ÌÊ¿ÔøÏȺóËÄ´ÎÈ뻪£¬¡°»ù¶½½Ì´«²¥µÄÀúÊ·ÉÏ£¬´ÓδÓöµ½¹ýÐèÒªÈç´Ë·´¸´¶à´Î£¬ÖØÐ¿ªÊ¼´«½ÌµÄ¹ú¼Ò¡£¶øÇÒ£¬ÖÁÉÙǰÈý´ÎÖØÐ¿ªÊ¼Ê±¶¼Òª´ÓÍ·×öÆð¡£Î¨ÓеÚËĴζԻª´«½ÌÔ˶¯ÄÜÉÔÉÔ½èÖúÓÚÒÔǰ´òϵĻù´¡¡£¡±£¨¡¶ÖйúÓëÆÕÊÀ»á¹²Í¬ËÜÔìÊÀ½ç¡·£¬ÌìÖ÷½Ì¹ú¼ÊÑо¿Óë×ÊÁÏÖÐÐÄ£¬1987Äê¹ú¼Ê»ù¶½½ÌÖйúÌÖÂÛ»áÉÏ·¢±í) µÚËĴδ«Èë¾ÍÊÇѻƬսÕùǰºóµÄʱ¶Î£¬¶ø´ËʱµÄÖйú£¬Õý±¥ÊÜÁÐÇ¿ÇÖÕ¼£¬±éµØ´¯ðêÖ®¿à£¬ÃñÖÚÆÕ±éÏÝÈëÁ˳î¿à²»ÖªËùÇóµÄ¾³µØ£¬´«Í³ÈåѧºÍ·ðµÀ˼Ïë¶¼³öÏÖÁËʧ°Ü£¬ÓÐʶ֮ʿÕýÔÚ̽ÇóеľȹúÕæÀí¡£»ù¶½½ÌµÄ´«È룬ʵ¼ÊÉÏÊÇÁÐÇ¿Óмƻ®µØ¹Ï·ÖÖйúºÍ½øÐо«ÉñÅ«ÒÛµÄǰ×à¡£ÒòΪֻÓÐÔÚÎÄ»¯¹ÛÄîºÍ¼ÛÖµ¹ÛÉÏÈ¡µÃÁËÒ»Ö£¬²ÅÓÐÀûÓÚ´´Ôì³ö·ûºÏÁÐÇ¿ÐÄÒâµÄ´úÀíÈË¡£Îª´Ë¸÷¸öµÛ¹úÓмƻ®µØ¹ÄÀø¿ªÕ¹´«½Ì»î¶¯ºÍ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÒë½é»î¶¯¡£ÕâÀïÒýÓóѸÏÈÉúµÄÒ»¾ä»°À´×ܽᣬ¾ÍÊÇ£º¡°ºüÀ귽ȥѨ£¬ÌÒżÒѵdz¡¡£¡± £¨¡¶×ÔÌâСÏñ£¨Íâ°ËÊ×£©¡·£¬Ñ¡×Ô¡¶¼¯Í⼯ʰÒÅ¡·£©´«Í³Â×Àí²»ÐÐÁË£¬ËùÒÔÒªÇëÍâÀ´µÄºÍÉÐÀ´Äî¾È¹úÕæ¾¡£1807Äê»ù¶½½Ìн̴«½ÌÊ¿£¬Ó¢¹úÈËÂíÀñÑ·µÖ´ï¹ãÖÝ£¬ÒÔ¶«Ó¡¶È¹«Ë¾¹ÍÔ±Éí·ÝΪÑÚ»¤£¬´ÓÊ´«½ÌÒ뾵Ȼ¡£1830ÄêÃÀ¹ú´«½ÌÊ¿ñÔÖÎÎĵ½´ï¹ãÖÝ£¬ºóÔÚ¹ãÖÝ´´°ìÁËÓ¢ÎÄÔ¿¯¡¶Öйú´Ô±¨¡·¡£´Ëºó£¬¹ùʵÀ°¡¢ÎÀÈýη¡¢²®¼ÝµÈÏȺóÀ´»ª´«½Ì¡£ÂíÀñÑ·ÔÚÀ뿪Ӣ¹úǰ£¬Â×¶Ø½Ì»á¸øËûµÄ¡°Ö¸Ê¾¡±Öгƣº¡°ÎÒÃÇÓбØÒªÍêÈ«ÊÚȨ¸øÄ㣬¿É¸ù¾ÝÄãµÄ»úÖǺÍÅжϣ¬ÔÚ¸÷¸ö³¡ºÏ·½±ãÐÐÊ¡£¡¡ÎÒÃǼáÐÅÄãÄÜÔÚ¹ãÖݶø²»ÖÂÔâµ½·´¶Ô£¬Ò»Ö±µÈµ½ÄãÄܴﵽѧ»áººÓïµÄ¾Þ´óÄ¿±ê¡£¡¡Äã¡¡»ò¸üÓÐÐÒµØÄÜ·Òë¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¡£¡±Óɴ˿ɼû£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÒë½é£¬µÃµ½Á˸÷¹úµ±È¨ÕßµÄÖ§³Ö£¬Æä³õÖÔ¾ÍÊÇʹÖйúÂÙΪֳÃñµØ¡£·þ´ÓÁÐÇ¿ÐèÒª¶øÒë³öµÄ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Òë±¾£¬×ÔÈ»ÔÚijÖ̶ֳÈÉÏ£¬³ÉÁËÈÃÈËÈçºÎ¹ßÓÚ·þ´ÓºÍѹÆÈµÄµÚÒ»½Ì¿ÆÊé¡£²»¹ýÓ¢ÃÀÈËÊ¿¶Ô¡¶Ê¥¾¡··ÒëµÄÖØÊÓÔڿ͹ÛÉÏҲ˵Ã÷£¬ÔÎı¾Ö»ÓÐÒÀ¿¿ÒëÎÄ£¬²ÅÄÜÔÚÁíÒ»ÖÖÎÄ»¯ÖлñµÃÔÙÉú£¬Ê¹×Ô¼ºµÄÉúÃüµÃÒÔÑÓÐø¡£¡¶Ê¥¾¡··Òë²»½ö½ö³ÉÁËÎı¾µÄÊäÈë¹ý³Ì£¬»¹ÊÇÒ»´ÎÎÄ»¯µÄÊäÈë¡£µ«ÊÇÓ¦µ±×¢Òâµ½£¬·ÒëµÄ»·¾³ºÍ·ÒëµÄÎı¾Í¬ÑùÖØÒª¡£¶øµ±Ê±ÖйúµÄÀíÂÛ½çÕý¸ß¾Ù×Å·´·â½¨·´Ñ¹ÆÈµÄÆìÖÄ£¬¸ÄÁ¼Ö÷ÒåÕߺ͸ïÃü¼ÒÐèÒªµÄÊÇΪÖйúÈËÃñÄź°µÄÎÄ×Ö£¬¶ø²»ÊǽÌÈËÈçºÎÈÌÊÜ¿àÄѵÄÂé×í¼Á¡£ËäÈ»¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÔÚÖÐÎ÷ÎÄ»¯µÄ½»Á÷·½Ãæ¼ÜÆðÁËÒ»×ù¹µÍ¨µÄÇÅÁº¡£µ«ÊÇÔÚ·é»ðÁ¬ÌìµÄËêÔÂÖУ¬ÈËÃÇÒÑÎÞ·¨¿¼ÂÇÐþ»ÃµÄÒâÏóºÍÌì¹úµÄÐÒ¸££¬¶øÊǸü¶àµØ×ªÏòÁËÏÖʵµÄÎÄ×Ö£¬ºóÀ´·¨¹úÎÄѧ¡¢ËÕ¶íÎÄѧµÄ´óÁ¿Òý½ø¾ÍÊÇÃ÷Ö¤¡£ËùÒÔ˵£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Ëæ×ÅÌØÊâµÄʱ´ú±ä¸ï×ß½øÖйú£¬Ò²ÓÉÓÚÓëʱ´ú¾«ÉñµÄ¸ôºÒ¶øÊèÔ¶ÁËÖйú¶ÁÕß¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÙ¶ÔÕÕ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÖ÷ÒªÒëÕßÀ´¿´£¬Ö³Ãñ»¯µÄÇ÷ÊÆ¸ü¼ÓÃ÷ÏÔ¡£µ±Ê±£¬´«½ÌÊ¿ÃÇ·ÒëµÄÔÔòÊǼõÉÙ°æ±¾¹ý¶à¶øÔì³ÉµÄÒëÎÄ»ìÂÒÏÖÏó£¬ÎñÇó×öµ½ÎıÊÁ÷³©¶øÓÖÖÒÓÚÔÎÄ£¬ÕâÊÇ¿¼Âǵ½Öйú¶ÁÕߵĽÓÊܶȵÄ×ö·¨¡£µ«ÊÇÎÒÃÇ¿´¿´Öйú¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¡°ÇÕ¶¨±¾¡±µÄÖ÷³ÖÈËÑ¡£¬×îºó»¹ÊÇÒÔÓ¢ÃÀ´«½ÌÊ¿µÒ¿¼Îĺ͸»ÉÆÎªÖ÷¡£Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬Õû¸ö¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄ·Òë¹ý³Ì£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÇÓÉÓ¢ÃÀ´«½ÌʿΪÖ÷ÒëÕߣ¬Í¨ÏþÓ¢ÎĵÄÖйúÈËΪ¸¨ÒëÕßÀ´Íê³ÉµÄ¡£ÔÚÎÄÀíµÄ²ûÊͺͷÒëÔÔòÉÏ£¬´«½ÌÊ¿ÃǾ߱¸¾ø¶ÔµÄÁ쵼Ȩ¡£¶ÔÓÚ´«½ÌÊ¿¶øÑÔ£¬Ê¹ÖйúÈËð§ÒÀÉϵۣ¬Óûù¶½½ÌÕ÷·þÕâ¸ö¶«·½´ó¹úÊÇ×î¸ù±¾µÄÄ¿±ê£¬ÆäËû¶¼ÊÇʵÏÖÕâһĿ±êµÄÊֶΡ£Îª´ËÔÚ½ü´ú£¬´«½ÌÊ¿»ý¼«²ÎÓëÖйúµÄÄÚÕþÍâ½»£¬ÉõÖÁ¾üÊ»£¬µ«ÊÇÓëÉÌÈË¡¢Íâ½»¹Ù¡¢¾üÈ˲»Í¬µÄÊÇ£¬ËûÃDz¢²»ÒÔÉÌÒµ¹ØÏµµÄ½¨Á¢¡¢²»Æ½µÈÌõÔ¼µÄÇ©¶©¡¢¾üʽÏÁ¿µÄʤÀûΪÂú×㣬¶ø¼á³ÖÒªÇóÒÔ»ù¶½½Ì¸ÄÔìÖйúÎÄ»¯¡¢Õ÷·þÖйúÉç»á£¬¡°¸Ä±äÖйúÈ˵ÄÍ·ÄÔºÍÐÄÁé¡£¡±£¨ÎÀÈýηÓ´«½ÌÊ¿ÃÇËùÐÀÉ͵ģ¬ÊÇÏñ¡°ÔøºîÒ¯¡±£¨Ôø¹ú·ªÖ®×Ó£¬ÖøÃûÍâ½»¼ÒÔø¹úºó£©ÄÇÑù¡°¾«Í¨¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µä¹Ê£¬¸÷¹úÀúÊ·ºÍÏÖ×´£¬Éî¿ÌÀí½âËûËù´¦µÄ»·¾³¡±µÄ֪ʶ·Ö×Ó£¬À´ÅäºÏËûÃǽøÐлù¶½½ÌµÄ´«²¥¹¤×÷¡££¨¶¡è¸Á¼Óµ±ËûÃÇ·¢ÏÖÖйúÈËÄþÔ¸ÏàÐŹíÉñ£¬¶ø²»½ÓÊÜÉϵ۵Äʱºò£¬»ù¶½½ÌÎÄ»¯ÓëÉú¾ãÀ´µÄÅÅËûÐÔÔÚËûÃÇÍ·ÄÔÖоÍÕ¼ÁËÉϷ磬ËûÃÇÐèÒª¶Ô¹úÃñ¾«Éñ½øÐг¹µ×¸ÄÔ죬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÔÚÕâʱ¾Í³ÉÁËËûÃÇÓÃÒÔ¶Ô¿¹´«Í³ÖйúÎÄ»¯µÄ˼ÏëÎäÆ÷£¬Ðí¶à´«½ÌÊ¿ÔÚÉ¿¶¯½ÌÃñÄÖÊÂʱ£¬¶¼ÊÇÓõġ¶Ê¥¾¡·ÀïµÄµä¹Ê£¬ÕâÑùÒ»À´£¬ºóÈ˾ͿÉÒÔÀí½â£¬ÎªÊ²Ã´ËûÃÇÒª¼«Á¦Í»³ö¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖеÄÒ컯Ç÷ÊÆÁË£¬ÕâÊÇËûÃÇÓÃÒÔ¶Ô¿¹Öйú´«Í³Ë¼ÏëµÄ»ù±¾¡£¶ÔÓÚѰÇó¸Ä¸ïÁ¼·½µÄÖйú֪ʶ·Ö×ÓÀ´Ëµ£¬´«½ÌÊ¿´«²¥Á˿ɹ©½è¼øµÄÎ÷·½Ë¼ÏëÎäÆ÷£¬±ä¸ïÖйúµÄ¹²Í¬Ä¿±êʹËûÃÇÔÝʱһÖ¡£²»ÉÙÖйúÈË»¹³ÏÐijÏÒâµØ°Ý´«½ÌʿΪʦ£¬³ÉΪËûÃǵÄѧÉú»òÊǽÌͽ£¬È»¶øµ±ËûÃÇ·¢ÏÖ£¬×Ô¼ºËù×·ÇóµÄ±ä¸ïÒÔÇó×ÔÇ¿µÄÄ¿±ê£¬Óë´«½ÌÊ¿ËùÏ£ÍûµÄ±ä¸ïÒÔʹÖйú»ù¶½½Ì»¯Ï໥ì¶Üʱ£¬Ë«·½µÄ·ÖÊÖÓë³åÍ»¾Í³ÉΪ±ØÈ»£¬ÏàÓ¦µØ´«²¥¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÈÈÇé¾ÍÖð½¥ÀäÈ´£¬·´¶ø³öÏÖÁËһϵÁÐÅúÆÀ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÎÄ×Ö¡£
¡¡¡¡×îºóÈÃÎÒÃÇÀ´¿´¿´¡¶Ê¥¾¡·´«²¥ÖеÄÎÄ»¯Óï¾³¡£°²µÂÁÒ?ÀշƸ¥¶ûÈÏΪ£¬ÄÇЩ°Ñ×ÔÉí×÷Ϊ¾ÓסÔÚÊÀ½çÖÐÐĵÄÎÄ»¯£¨°üÀ¨ÖлªÎÄÃ÷£©£¬¼«ÉÙºÍËûÕß´ò½»µÀ£¬³ý·ÇËüÃDZ»ÆÈΪ֮¡£ÖлªÎÄ»¯ÏÔÈ»²¢²»¿´ÖØËûÕßµÄ×÷Óã¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄ×Ú½Ì˼ÏëÔÚ»ªÏÄ´óµØÉϲ»ÄÜÁô´«µÄÔÒò¡£ÖйúÈË´ÓËûÕßÖÐ½è¼øµÄ£¬Ö»ÊÇͬ±¾Ãñ×åÎÄ»¯ÏàͨµÄ²¿·Ö£¬¼«ÉÙÉæ¼°»ù¶½½Ì×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÒ²ÊÇÎ÷·½ÎÄÃ÷µÄºËÐÄ¡ª¡ª×ï¸ÐÎÄ»¯¡£ËùÒÔÖйúÏÖ´ú×÷¼Ò´ó¶àºöÂÔ»ù¶½µÄ¸´»îºÍÊ¥Áéʥʣ¬¶ø×¢ÖØ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÔ̺¬µÄ²©°®¡¢È˵À¡¢¾ÈÊê¡¢âã»ÚµÄÒâ棬ÒÔ´ËÀ´·ñ¶¨ÖйúÎÄ»¯Öеķ⽨Â×Àí¡¢µÈ¼¶¹ÛÄî¡¢ËÞÃü˼Ï롢ūÁ¥ÐÔ¸ñ¡£ÔÙ¾ÍÊDZ»¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÓïÑÔÌØÉ«Ëù´ò¶¯£¬ÖйúÒëÕß³£³£°Ñ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖеÄÊ«¸è×÷Ϊ·ÒëÎı¾µÄÊ×Ñ¡¡£ÔÚÎåËÄÔ˶¯Ö®ºó£¬Ò»Ö±µ½µ±´ú£¬¶¼Ó¿ÏÖ³öÁËһϵÁжԡ¶Ê¥¾¡·Ê«¸è½øÐзÒëµÄÎÄ×Ö¡£2ÕâÊÇ´øÓд´×÷Ä£·ÂÄ¿µÄרҵ¶ÁÕßÃǵÄÎóÇø£¬ËûÃÇÔÚ´óµÄÎÄ»¯Óï¾³µÄÖÆÔ¼Ï£¬Ö»ÊÇÑ¡ÔñÁËÒë±¾ÖÐ×îÓÐÀûÀí½âÎüÊյķ½ÃæÀ´Ó¦Óá£ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ×÷ΪÆÕÂÞ´óÖÚµÄÒ»Ô±£¬Èç¹ûÖ±½Ó½ÓÊÜ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Òë±¾»¹ÊÇÓÐÒ»¶¨ÄѶȵġ£ÔÚÒ»°ã½ÌͽµÄÐÄÄ¿ÖУ¬ÉϵۺÍÖйúÍÁÉúÍÁ³¤µÄÉñ·ðÎÞÒ죬¶¼ÊÇΪÁ˱£ÓÓÈ˶ø³öÏÖµÄÊØ»¤Õß¡£¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÔÚ¹¦ÓÃÉϺ͡¶½ð¸Õ¾¡·µÄ×÷Óò¶à£¬¶¼ÊÇÓÃÀ´¡°Ä±µÄ¡£¼´²»±ØÀí½â£¬Ö»ÐèÊìϤ¡£Õâ˵Ã÷¡¶Ê¥¾¡·¾ß±¸ÒôÀÖÐÔÒ×ÓÚÁ÷´«£¬µ«ÊǸüÄÜ˵Ã÷ÓÉÓÚÒë±¾µÄÒ컯´¦ÀíºÍ·ÒëÖеÄÖ³Ãñ»¯ÇãÏò£¬µ¼ÖÂÁËÃñÖڵĽÓÊ̶ܳȽö½öÍ£ÁôÔÚ¡°Ä±µÄË®×¼ÉÏ¡£ÒÔÄϾ©µØÇøµÄ½ÌͽΪÀý£¬ÔÚÀñ°ÝÈÕµÄʱºî£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÒë±¾Ö»ÊÇ×÷ΪÀñ°ÝµÄÒý×Ó¡ª¡ªÆôÓ¦¾ÎĵÄÐÎʽ³öÏÖ£¬×îÖ÷ÒªµÄ˵Ã÷ÊÇÄÁʦ½«½üÁ½¸ö¶àСʱµÄ²¼µÀ£¬²¼µÀµÄÄÚÈݾÍÊǽáºÏ½ÌͽµÄʵ¼Ê¾ÀúÀ´Æôµ¼¡£ÕâÀïÎÒÃÇÒ²¿´µ½Á˶ÔÒ컯Á˵ġ¶Ê¥¾¡·Òë±¾µÄ²¹¾È´ëÊ©£¬¾ÍÊÇÏÖ³¡µÄ½²µÀ£¬ÒÔÆø·ÕºÍÓï¾³À´¸Ð»¯ÈË¡£Î¨ÓÐÈç´Ë£¬»ù¶½½Ì²ÅÄÜÔÚһƬËûÕßµÄÒìÓòÖеÃÒÔ´æ»îºÍ·¢Õ¹¡£
¡¡¡¡×ÜÑÔÖ®£¬ÓÉÓÚʱ´úºÍÀúÊ·µÄ¾ÖÏÞÐÔ£¬¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÔÚÖйúµÄ·Òë¹ý³ÌÖв»¿É±ÜÃâµØ´øÉÏÁËÖ³Ãñ»¯µÄºÛ¼££¬Óɴ˲úÉúÁ˶ԡ¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÒë±¾µÄÒ컯´¦Àí¡£ÓÉµã¼°Ãæ¡¢ÓɱíÃæµ½ÊµÖʵØÍ³¹Û¡¶Ê¥¾¡·ÖÐÒë±¾µÄ·Òë¹ý³Ì£¬¿ÉÒÔÌå»áµ½ÖÐÎ÷ÎÄ»¯µÄ²îÒì¡£Î÷·½´«½ÌʿDZÔÚµÄÖ³ÃñÒâʶ£¬Ò²±í¶ÎÞÒÉ¡£Òë±¾µÄÒ컯´¦Àí£¬ÉÔÓв»É÷£¬¶ÁÕß½ÓÊÜʱ¾Í»á³öÏÖÖî¶àÎÊÌâ¡£´ó¶àÊýµÄÒë±¾²»¿ÉÄÜÏñ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄ·ÒëÒ»Ñù£¬²ÉÈ¡Öî¶àµÄ¸¨Öú´ëÊ©À´²¹¾È£¬ËùÒÔÔÚ¶ÔÒë±¾½øÐÐÒ컯´¦Àíʱ£¬Òª²ÉÈ¡ÉóÉ÷µÄ̬¶È£¬²¢½áºÏʱ´ú±³¾°À´¿¼ÂÇ·Òë²ßÂÔ¡£
¡¡¡¡²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£º
¡¡¡¡£Û1£Ý ¹ù½¨Öбà.ÎÄ»¯Óë·Òë.±±¾©:Öйú¶ÔÍâ·Òë³ö°æ¹«Ë¾,2000.
¡¡¡¡£Û2£Ý ½ð»Ý¿µ.¿çÎÄ»¯½»¼Ê·Òë.±±¾©:Öйú¶ÔÍâ·Òë³ö°æ¹«Ë¾,2003.
¡¡¡¡£Û3£Ý ½ð»Ý¿µ.¿çÎÄ»¯½»¼Ê·ÒëÐø±à.±±¾©:Öйú¶ÔÍâ·Òë³ö°æ¹«Ë¾,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û4£Ý (º«)Àî¿íÊç. Öйú»ù¶½½ÌÊ·ÂÔ. ±±¾©:Éç»á¿ÆÑ§ÎÄÏ׳ö°æÉç,1998.
¡¡¡¡£Û5£Ý ³Ѹ.³Ѹȫ¼¯¾íÆß. ±±¾©:ÈËÃñÎÄѧ³ö°æÉç,1981.
¡¡¡¡£Û6£Ý ÁõÒâÇà.¡¶Ê¥¾¡·µÄÎÄѧ²ûÊÍ:ÀíÂÛÓëʵ¼ù.±±¾©:±±¾©´óѧ³ö°æÉç,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û7£Ý Âí׿Òã. Öйú·Òë¼òÊ·. ±±¾©£ºÖйú¶ÔÍâ·Òë³ö°æ¹«Ë¾£¬1998.
¡¡¡¡£Û8£Ý £¨ÃÀ£©ÌáĪ־¿Ë.ºóÖ³ÃñÓï¾³ÖеķÒë:°®¶ûÀ¼ÔçÆÚÎÄѧӢÒë. ÉϺ£:ÉϺ£ÍâÓï½ÌÓý³ö°æÉç,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û9£Ý (ÃÀ)¶¡è¸Á¼Öø,ÉòºëµÈÒë.»¨¼×Òä¼Ç:һλÃÀ¹ú´«½ÌÊ¿ÑÛÖеÄÍíÇåµÛ¹ú.¹ðÁÖ:¹ãÎ÷ʦ·¶´óѧ³ö°æÉç,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û10£Ý £¨ÃÀ£©Ê·¾°Ç¨Öø,ÖìÇìÝáµÈÒë. ¡°Ìì¹úÖ®×Ó¡±ºÍËûµÄÊÀË×Íõ³¯£ººéÐãÈ«Óë̫ƽÌì¹ú.ÉϺ££ºÉϺ£Ô¶¶«³ö°æÉç,2001.
¡¡¡¡£Û11£Ý (ÃÀ)ÎÀì³ÁÐÖø,¹Ë¾û,½ÀòÒë.ÎÀÈýηÉúƽ¼°ÊéÐÅ:һλÃÀ¹úÀ´»ª´«½ÌÊ¿µÄÐÄ·Àú³Ì.¹ðÁÖ:¹ãÎ÷ʦ·¶´óѧ³ö°æÉç,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û12£Ý Ì·ÔØÏ²±àÒë. бàÄδïÂÛ·Òë. ±±¾©£ºÖйú¶ÔÍâ·Òë³ö°æ¹«Ë¾£¬1999.
¡¡¡¡£Û13£Ý Ê¥¾.Öйú»ù¶½½ÌÁ½»áÓ¡·¢,1989.
¡¡¡¡£Û14£Ý ¡¶Ê¥¾¡·Æôµ¼±¾. Öйú»ù¶½½ÌÁ½»áÓ¡·¢,2003.
¡¡¡¡£Û15£Ý ÏÖ´úººÓï´ÊµäµÚÎå°æ.±±¾©: ÉÌÎñÓ¡Êé¹Ý,2005.
¡¡¡¡£Û16£Ý Ñî×Ô¼ó,ÁõÑ§ÔÆ±à.·ÒëÐÂÂÛ:1983¡«1992.Î人:ºþ±±½ÌÓý³ö°æÉç,1994.
¡¡¡¡£Û17£Ý (Ó¢)ÂíÀñÑ··òÈ˱à,¹Ë³¤ÉùÒë.ÂíÀñÑ·»ØÒä¼.¹ðÁÖ:¹ãÎ÷ʦ·¶´óѧ³ö°æÉç,2004.
¡¡¡¡£Û18£Ý £¨Ó¢£©°Í˹ÄÚÌØ£¬£¨ÃÀ£©ÀշƸ¥¶û¡£ÎÄ»¯¹¹½¨£ºÎÄѧ·ÒëÂÛÎļ¯.ÉϺ£:ÉϺ£ÍâÓï½ÌÓý³ö°æÉç,2001.
¡¡¡¡£Û19£Ý ÖÜ×÷ÈË.ÒÕÊõÓëÉú»î.ºþÄÏ:ÔÀ´ÊéÉç,1989.
¡¡¡¡£Û20£Ý Öìά֮.»ù¶½½ÌÓëÎÄѧ.ÉϺ£:ÉϺ£Êéµê,1992.
¡¡¡¡£Û21£Ý Ê·¾²å¾£¬ÐÜÖ¾ÓÂ. ÎÄ»¯±ßÔµÈËÎïµÄÀ§»óÓë˼¿¼¡ª¡ªÖйú³öÉúµÄÃÀ¹ú´«½ÌÊ¿×ÓÅ®Óë¶þÊ®ÊÀ¼Íǰ°ëÆÚµÄÖÐÃÀ¹ØÏµ.¡¶ÃÀ¹úÑо¿¡·1994ÄêµÚ4ÆÚ.
¡¡¡¡×÷Õß¼ò½é ²½·²£¬1982Äê10ÔÂÉú£¬ÏÖΪÄϾ©¹ú¼Ê¹ØÏµÑ§ÔºÓ¢ÓïÓïÑÔÎÄѧרҵÔÚ¶ÁÑо¿Éú¶þÄê¼¶¡£
¡¡¡¡¸½×¢£º×÷ΪһÃû¡¶ÊÀ¼ÍÖйú¡·µÄ¶ÁÕߣ¬Ò»Ö±Á÷Á¬ÓÚÆäÖеÄÁ÷³©ÎıʺÍÉîåä˼Ï룬½üÀ´¿´µ½ºÜ¶à´ó¼Ò¹ØÓÚ»ù¶½½ÌÎÄ»¯ÓëÖйú½ü´úÎÄ»¯µÄ¹ØÏµ£¬×Ô¼ºÉÔÓÐËù¸Ð£¬½ö·îª¼û£¬Í¶Ê¯ÎÊ·¶øÒÑ¡£ÈôÄÜÇë±à¼Ò»Æ³£¬Ö¸³öÆäÖÐÎÊÌâ×ãÒÓ£¬²»ÔøÉÝÍûÆäËû¡£Ð»Ð»¡£Ò²×£¡¶ÊÀ¼ÍÖйú¡·Ô½°ìÔ½ºì»ð£¬ÒòΪÖйúÐèÒªÕâÖÖ×ÔÓɽ»Á÷³©ËùÓûÑÔµÄÂÛ̳£¬Ò²ÐèÒªÒ»¸ö¼æÈݲ¢À¨µÄѧÊõ»·¾³¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¾×¢ÊÍ¡¿
¡¡¡¡1 ²Î¼ûÖÜ×÷ÈË¡¶Ê¥ÊéÓëÖйúÎÄѧ¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶Ð¡ËµÔ±¨¡·µÚÊ®¶þ¾íµÚÒ»ÆÚ¡£
¡¡¡¡2 ¡¶Ê¥¾Ê«¸è¡·£¬Áº¹¤±àÒ룬Ìì½ò°Ù»¨ÎÄÒÕ³ö°æÉç1989°æ¡£¡¶Ê¥¾Ê«¸èÈ«¼¯¡·£¬ÌïÖ¾¿µµÈÑ¡±à£¬±±¾©Ñ§Ô·³ö°æÉç1990°æ¡£¡¶Ê¥¾ÊãÇéʫѡ¡·£¬ËïСƽ±àÒ룬ÉϺ£ÈýÁªÊéµêÉϺ£·Öµê1989°æ¡£
»¶Ó·ÃÎÊ¡¶ÊÀ¼ÍÖйú¡·ÍøÕ¾¡¡ www.cc.org.cn.
¾©ICPÖ¤041040ºÅ